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Dr. Cowan graduated from the University of Glasgow with a BSc in Pharmacy and an Associate degree in Pharmacy from the Royal College of Science and Technology (Glasgow). He obtained his PhD on the metabolism of histamine across several species in the Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, Scotland. He then led the psychopharmacology and analgesic teams in the discovery and development of buprenorphine at Reckitt & Colman, Hull, England. 

Subsequent to a sabbatical at the Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research in Milan, Italy, he joined the faculty in the Department of Pharmacology at Temple University, Philadelphia. Additional sabbaticals were taken at ICI Pharmaceuticals, Mereside, England and the Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. Teaching responsibilities at Temple involved inspiring medical, dental, podiatry and graduate students. Research interests focused on the behavioral and gut pharmacology of analgesics and peptides with a particular focus on kappa opioid receptors. This has resulted in over 200 peer reviewed publications.